Hướng dẫn cài đặt Rsyslog 5.7.x trên nền tảng CentOS 5.x

Người đăng: vjnhhoa on Thứ Bảy, 19 tháng 2, 2011

Theo thông tin từ phía hãng, Rsyslog có khả năng cải thiện khả năng hỗ trợ syslogd, có thể được sử dụng như 1 phương án thay thế hoặc dự phòng.

Bên cạnh đó, những tính năng nâng cao khá phù hợp với các tầng lớp doanh nghiệp, khả năng bảo mật mã hóa cũng khá đơn giản và dễ thiết lập, dù cho đối tượng người sử dụng có ít kinh nghiệm. Cụ thể, chúng ta sẽ cùng nhau kết hợp và cài đặt tất cả các tính năng của Rsyslog 5.7.2 trên nền tảng CentOS 5.5 server.
Để bắt đầu, chúng ta cần cài đặt những gói hỗ trợ sau:

yum install -y pcre pcre-devel mysql-server mysql-devel gnutls gnutls-devel gnutls-utils net-snmp net-snmp-devel net-snmp-libs net-snmp-perl net-snmp-utils libnet libnet-devel

Tiếp theo là gói librelp (Reliable Event Logging Protocol Library) để sử dụng các thư viện dành cho giao thức RELP - có nhiệm vụ cung cấp khả năng ghi lại các sự kiện xảy ra trong hệ thống mạng và đảm bảo rằng không bỏ sót bất kỳ tin nhắn cũng như email nào, cho dù có vấn đề xảy ra với quá trình kết nối hoặc các đầu peer không ổn định.

cd /tmp
wget http://download.rsyslog.com/librelp/librelp-1.0.0.tar.gz
tar -xvf librelp-1.0.0.tar.gz
cd librelp-1.0.0
./configure --prefix=/usr
make
make install
cd /tmp
wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/libestr/files/libestr-0.1.0.tar.gz/download
tar -xvf libestr-0.1.0.tar.gz
cd libestr-0.1.0
./configure --prefix=/usr
make
make install
cd /tmp
wget http://www.libee.org/files/download/libee-0.1.0.tar.gz
tar -xvf libee-0.1.0.tar.gz
cd libee-0.1.0
./configure --prefix=/usr
make
make install
Tại thời điểm bài viết này, chúng tôi sử dụng rsyslog 5.7.2:
cd /tmp
wget http://www.rsyslog.com/files/download/rsyslog/rsyslog-5.7.2.tar.gz
tar -xvf rsyslog-5.7.2.tar.gz
cd rsyslog-5.7.2
Để tìm hiểu thông tin về những tùy chọn có sẵn trong Rsyslog, các bạn có thể sử dụng lệnh
./configure -help.
Câu lệnh sau sẽ kích hoạt hầu hết các tính năng rsyslog như Compression, Multithreading, MySql, SNMP, Mail, RELP... :
 
./configure --enable-regexp --enable-zlib --enable-pthreads --enable-klog --enable-inet --enable-unlimited-select --enable-debug --enable-rtinst --enable-memcheck --enable-diagtools --enable-mysql --enable-snmp --enable-gnutls --enable-rsyslogrt --enable-rsyslogd --enable-extended-tests --enable-mail --enable-imptcp --enable-omruleset --enable-valgrind --enable-imdiag --enable-relp --enable-testbench --enable-imfile --enable-omstdout --enable-omdbalerting --enable-omuxsock --enable-imtemplate --enable-omtemplate --enable-pmlastmsg --enable-omudpspoof --enable-omprog --enable-impstats
make
make install
Cài đặt và khởi tạo cơ sở dữ liệu MySQL:
mysql -u root -p < plugins/ommysql/createDB.sql
mysql -u root -p mysql
 
GRANT ALL ON Syslog.* TO rsyslog@localhost IDENTIFIED BY 'your-mysql-password';
flush privileges;
 
Tiếp theo, chúng ta sẽ cấu hình mã init:
vi /etc/init.d/rsyslog
#!/bin/bash
#
# rsyslog Starts rsyslogd/rklogd.
#
#
# chkconfig: - 12 88
# description: Syslog is the facility by which many daemons use to log
# messages to various system log files. It is a good idea to always
# run rsyslog.
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides: $syslog
# Required-Start: $local_fs $network $remote_fs
# Required-Stop: $local_fs $network $remote_fs
# Default-Stop: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
# Short-Description: Enhanced system logging and kernel message trapping daemons
# Description: Rsyslog is an enhanced multi-threaded syslogd supporting,
# among others, MySQL, syslog/tcp, RFC 3195, permitted
# sender lists, filtering on any message part, and fine
# grain output format control.
### END INIT INFO
# Source function library.
. /etc/init.d/functions
RETVAL=0
start() {
[ -x /usr/local/sbin/rsyslogd ] || exit 5
#[ -x /usr/local/sbin/rklogd ] || exit 5
# Do not start rsyslog when sysklogd is running
if [ -e /var/run/syslogd.pid ] ; then
echo $"Shut down sysklogd before you run rsyslog";
exit 1;
fi
# Source config
if [ -f /etc/sysconfig/rsyslog ] ; then
. /etc/sysconfig/rsyslog
else
#SYSLOGD_OPTIONS="-c3"
SYSLOGD_OPTIONS="-c5"
#KLOGD_OPTIONS="-2"
fi
if [ -z "$SYSLOG_UMASK" ] ; then
SYSLOG_UMASK=077;
fi
umask $SYSLOG_UMASK
echo -n $"Starting system logger: "
daemon /usr/local/sbin/rsyslogd $SYSLOGD_OPTIONS
RETVAL=$?
echo
#echo -n $"Starting kernel logger: "
#daemon rklogd $KLOGD_OPTIONS
#echo
[ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && touch /var/lock/subsys/rsyslog
return $RETVAL
}
stop() {
#echo -n $"Shutting down kernel logger: "
#killproc rklogd
#echo
echo -n $"Shutting down system logger: "
killproc rsyslogd
RETVAL=$?
echo
[ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && rm -f /var/lock/subsys/rsyslog
return $RETVAL
}
reload() {
RETVAL=1
syslog=`cat /var/run/rsyslogd.pid 2>/dev/null`
echo -n "Reloading system logger..."
if [ -n "${syslog}" ] && [ -e /proc/"${syslog}" ]; then
kill -HUP "$syslog";
RETVAL=$?
fi
if [ $RETVAL -ne 0 ]; then
failure
else
success
fi
echo
RETVAL=1
#echo -n "Reloading kernel logger..."
#klog=`cat /var/run/rklogd.pid 2>/dev/null`
#if [ -n "${klog}" ] && [ -e /proc/"${klog}" ]; then
#kill -USR2 "$klog";
# RETVAL=$?
#fi
#if [ $RETVAL -ne 0 ]; then
#failure
#else
#success
#fi
#echo
return $RETVAL
}
rhstatus() {
status rsyslogd
#status rklogd
}
restart() {
stop
start
}
case "$1" in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
restart)
restart
;;
reload|force-reload)
reload
;;
status)
rhstatus
;;
condrestart)
[ -f /var/lock/subsys/rsyslog ] && restart || :
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|reload|force-reload|condrestart}"
exit 2
esac
exit $?
Hãy lưu ý đến giá trị SYSLOGD_OPTIONS="-c5″ đã được thiết lập. Sau đây, chúng ta sẽ thiết lập Syslog và Rsyslog:
service syslog stop
chkconfig syslog off
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/rsyslog
chkconfig --add rsyslog
chkconfig rsyslog on
 
Các đoạn mã init có thể download tại đây (http://honeynet.ir/software/rsyslog/). Một số mẫu tham khảo khác các bạn có thể tìm và tham khảo thêm tại trang chủ (http://www.rsyslog.com/):
vi /etc/rsyslog.conf
# Input Modules -----------------------------------This line is comment
#--------------------------------------------------This line is comment
$ModLoad impstats.so
$PStatsInterval 300
syslog.info /var/log/rsyslog-stats
#--------------------------------------------------This line is comment
$ModLoad immark.so # provides --MARK-- message capability
$ModLoad imuxsock.so # provides support for local system logging (via logger command)
$ModLoad imklog.so # provides kernel logging support (previously done by rklogd)
#--------------------------------------------------This line is comment
$ModLoad imudp.so # provides UDP syslog reception
$UDPServerAddress * # all local interfaces
$UDPServerRun 514 # start UDP server (log server receiver)
#--------------------------------------------------This line is comment
$ModLoad imtcp.so # provides TCP syslog reception and GSS-API (if compiled)
$InputTCPServerRun 514 # start TCP server (log server receiver)
#--------------------------------------------------This line is comment
$ModLoad imrelp.so # RELP input
$InputRELPServerRun 20514 # start RELP Protocol
#--------------------------------------------------This line is comment
$ModLoad imfile.so # Text file input
$InputFileName /var/log/i-am-a-text-file.log
$InputFileTag my-text-file:
$InputFileStateFile stat-file1
$InputFileSeverity error
$InputFileFacility local7
$InputFilePollInterval 10 # check for new lines every 10 seconds
$InputRunFileMonitor
#--------------------------------------------------This line is comment
#$ModLoad imgssapi.so # Plain TCP and GSSAPI
#$ModLoad im1395.so # Messages via RFC1395
# Output Modules ----------------------------------This line is comment
#--------------------------------------------------This line is comment
$ModLoad omsnmp.so # Send SNMP traps
#$actionsnmptransport udp
#$actionsnmptarget 192.168.x.x
#$actionsnmptargetport 162
#$actionsnmpversion 1
#$actionsnmpcommunity public
#*.* "http://npower.vn/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_surprised.gif" alt="icon surprised Hướng dẫn cài đặt Rsyslog 5.7.x trên nền tảng CentOS 5.x" class="wp-smiley" title="Hướng dẫn cài đặt Rsyslog 5.7.x trên nền tảng CentOS 5.x"> msnmp:
#--------------------------------------------------This line is comment
$ModLoad ommysql.so # Log to MySQL
#$ModLoad ompgsql.so # Log to PostgreSQL
#--------------------------------------------------This line is comment
$ModLoad ommail.so # Send mail
#$ActionMailSMTPServer mail.example.net
#$ActionMailFrom rsyslog@example.net
#$ActionMailTo operator@example.net
#$ActionMailTo admin@example.net
#$template mailSubject,"disk problem on %hostname%"
#$template mailBody,"RSYSLOG Alertrnmsg='%msg%'"
#$ActionMailSubject mailSubject
#$ActionExecOnlyOnceEveryInterval 21600
#if $msg contains 'hard disk fatal failure' then "http://npower.vn/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_surprised.gif" alt="icon surprised Hướng dẫn cài đặt Rsyslog 5.7.x trên nền tảng CentOS 5.x" class="wp-smiley" title="Hướng dẫn cài đặt Rsyslog 5.7.x trên nền tảng CentOS 5.x"> mmail:;mailBody
#--------------------------------------------------This line is comment
$ModLoad omrelp.so # Send to another host via RELP
#$ModLoad omlibdbi.so # Log via generic DB output
#$ModLoad omgss.so # GSS enabled output
# Globals -----------------------------------------This line is comment
$umask 0000
$DirCreateMode 0640
$FileCreateMode 0640
$RepeatedMsgReduction on
$WorkDirectory /var/log/rsyslog # default location for work (spool) files
$ActionQueueType LinkedList # use asynchronous processing
$ActionQueueFileName queue # set file name, also enables disk mode
$ActionResumeRetryCount -1 # infinite retries on insert failure
$ActionQueueSaveOnShutdown on # save in-memory data if rsyslog shuts down
$MainMsgQueueMaxFileSize 100M
$ActionQueueMaxFileSize 5M
#--------------------------------------------------This line is comment
# Below find some samples of what a template can do. Have a good
# time finding out what they do [or just tun them] "http://npower.vn/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_wink.gif" alt="icon wink Hướng dẫn cài đặt Rsyslog 5.7.x trên nền tảng CentOS 5.x" class="wp-smiley" title="Hướng dẫn cài đặt Rsyslog 5.7.x trên nền tảng CentOS 5.x">
# A template that resambles traditional syslogd file output:
$template TraditionalFormat,"%timegenerated% %HOSTNAME% %syslogtag%%msg:::drop-last-lf%n"
# a template useful for debugging format issues
$template DEBUG,"Debug line with all properties:nFROMHOST: '%FROMHOST%', HOSTNAME: '%HOSTNAME%', PRI: %PRI%,nsyslogtag '%syslogtag%', programname: '%programname%', APP-NAME: '%APP-NAME%', PROCID: '%PROCID%', MSGID: '%MSGID%',nTIMESTAMP: '%TIMESTAMP%', STRUCTURED-DATA: '%STRUCTURED-DATA%',nmsg: '%msg%'nescaped msg: '%msg:::drop-cc%'nrawmsg: '%rawmsg%'nn"
# A template that resembles RFC 3164 on-the-wire format:
# (yes, there is NO space betwen syslogtag and msg! that's important!)
$template RFC3164fmt,"<%PRI%>%TIMESTAMP% %HOSTNAME% %syslogtag%%msg%"
# a template resembling traditional wallmessage format:
$template wallmsg,"rn7Message from syslogd@%HOSTNAME% at %timegenerated% ...rn %syslogtag%%msg%nr"
# The template below emulates winsyslog format, but we need to check the time
# stamps used. for now, it is good enough icon wink Hướng dẫn cài đặt Rsyslog 5.7.x trên nền tảng CentOS 5.x This format works best with
# other members of the MonitorWare product family. It is also a good sample
# where you can see the property replacer in action.
$template WinSyslogFmt,"%HOSTNAME%,%timegenerated:1:10:date-rfc3339%,%timegenerated:12:19:date-rfc3339%,%timegenerated:1:10:date-rfc3339%,%timegenerated:12:19:date-rfc3339%,%syslogfacility%,%syslogpriority%,%syslogtag%%msg%n"
# A template used for database writing (notice it *is* an actual
# sql-statement):
$template dbFormat,"insert into SystemEvents (Message, Facility,FromHost, Priority, DeviceReportedTime, ReceivedAt, InfoUnitID, SysLogTag) values ('%msg%', %syslogfacility%, '%HOSTNAME%',%syslogpriority%, '%timereported:::date-mysql%', '%timegenerated:::date-mysql%', %iut%, '%syslogtag%')",sql
$template FileFormat,"%TIMESTAMP:::date-rfc3339% %HOSTNAME% %syslogtag%%msg:::sp-if-no-1st-sp%%msg:::drop-last-lf%n"
$template ForwardFormat,"<%PRI%>%TIMESTAMP:::date-rfc3339% %HOSTNAME% %syslogtag:1:32%%msg:::sp-if-no-1st-sp%%msg%"
# Selector lines are somewhat different from stock syslogd. With
# rsyslog, you can add a semicolon ";" after the target and then
# the template name. That will assign this template to the respective
# action. If no template name is given, a hardcoded template is used.
# If a template name is given, but the template was not defined, the
# selector line is DEACTIVATED.
#--------------------------------------------------------------------
#--------------------------------------------------This line is comment
# Forward via TCP with maximum compression:
#$AllowedSender TCP, 127.0.0.1, 192.0.2.0/24, [::1]/128, *.example.net, somehost.example.com
#*.* @@(z9)192.168.x.x:514
# Forward via UDP with maximum compression:
#$AllowedSender UDP, 127.0.0.1, 192.0.2.0/24, [::1]/128, *.example.net, somehost.example.com
#*.* @(z9)192.168.x.x:514
# Forward via RELP Protocol :
#*.* icon surprised Hướng dẫn cài đặt Rsyslog 5.7.x trên nền tảng CentOS  5.x mrelp:192.168.2.4:20514;TraditionalFormat
# Store all log files in MySQL DB :
#*.* icon surprised Hướng dẫn cài đặt Rsyslog 5.7.x trên nền tảng CentOS  5.x mmysql:127.0.0.1,Syslog,rsyslog,your-mysql-password
#--------------------------------------------------This line is comment
#--------------------------------------------------This line is comment
# Log all kernel messages to the console.
# Logging much else clutters up the screen.
#kern.* /dev/console;TraditionalFileFormat
# Log anything (except mail) of level info or higher.
# Don't log private authentication messages!
*.info;mail.none;authpriv.none;cron.none /var/log/messages
# The authpriv file has restricted access.
authpriv.* /var/log/secure
# Log all the mail messages in one place.
mail.* -/var/log/maillog
# Log cron stuff
cron.* /var/log/cron
# Everybody gets emergency messages
*.emerg *
# Save news errors of level crit and higher in a special file.
uucp,news.crit /var/log/spooler
# Save boot messages also to boot.log
local7.* /var/log/boot.log
#--------------------------------------------------This line is comment
$IncludeConfig /etc/rsyslog.d/*.conf
#--------------------------------------------------This line is comment
#if message contains 'network error' then run the restart-network.sh shell script!!!
#:msg, contains, "network error" ^/root/restart-network.sh
 
Sau đó, khởi động Rsyslog:
chmod 640 /etc/rsyslog.conf
service rsyslog start
tail -f /var/log/messages
 
Và kiểm tra quá trình hoạt động của Rsyslog như sau:
 
logger "this is a test message"
logger -p local0.info -t testtag "this is a test message"
 
Khi hệ thống hiển thị thông tin đúng theo mẫu kiểm tra thì có nghĩa là toàn bộ quá trình cài đặt và cấu hình trên đã thành công. Chúc các bạn thành công!
Theo quản trị mạng
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